Pharmacy Licensing in Ghana: Requirements, Regulations and Legal Process Explained

Introduction: The Gateway to Pharmaceutical Practice

The Pharmacy Council of Ghana (PCG) is the statutory regulatory body established to oversee the pharmacy profession nationwide, ensuring competent practitioners and safe pharmaceutical services for public health . Formed under the Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, 2013 (Act 857), which succeeded the earlier Pharmacy Act, 1994 (Act 489), the Council operates as a corporate entity with perpetual succession, governed by a nine-member board appointed to uphold rigorous standards in pharmacy practice .

The Council’s core functions include registering and licensing pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and premises such as pharmacies and over-the-counter medicine sellers (OTCMS); setting educational and training requirements; conducting inspections to enforce compliance; and investigating complaints leading to disciplinary actions against violators .

This Accra Street Journal guide provides a comprehensive overview of the pharmacy licensing process in Ghana, including legal requirements, application procedures, fees, and the new population-based licensing reform announced in 2026.

Legal Framework: The Laws Governing Pharmacy Practice

The Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, 2013 (Act 857)

The Pharmacy Council was initially established under the Pharmacy Act, 1994 (Act 489), enacted on December 30, 1994, which repealed prior legislation such as the Pharmacy and Drugs Act, 1961 (Act 64), to consolidate regulation of pharmacy practice . The 1994 Act created the Council as the primary regulatory authority, tasked with securing high standards in pharmacy for public interest, including maintaining registers of practitioners, prescribing conduct standards, and exercising disciplinary powers .

Subsequent legislative reform occurred through the Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, 2013 (Act 857), which restructured multiple health regulatory councils, including the Pharmacy Council under Part IV, affirming it as a body corporate with perpetual succession and continuity from its predecessor . Act 857 integrates the Pharmacy Council into a unified framework for health professions oversight, emphasizing public interest protection via standardized education, registration, and enforcement .

Key Regulatory Instruments

The Governing Board and Leadership

The Pharmacy Council of Ghana is governed by a nine-member board, established under Parts IV and VI of Act 857 . Board members, excluding the Registrar, serve terms not exceeding three years and are eligible for re-appointment for up to two additional terms, ensuring rotational leadership while maintaining continuity in regulation .

Current Board Composition

The composition includes representatives from key stakeholders: one from the Ministry of Health, one from accredited training institutions, one registered pharmacist elected by peers, one from the Attorney General’s office, three nominees from the Ministry of Health, the Chairperson, and the Registrar .

As of the most recent session, the Chairperson is Hon. Joseph Yieleh Chireh, a former Member of Parliament with experience in health policy. The Registrar is Pharm. Michael Kudebong, Esq. , a licensed pharmacist and legal professional overseeing operational execution .

Current board members include:

• Representative of Ministry of Health: Dr. Hafez Adam Taher

• Representative of accredited Training Institutions: Joseph Kodjo Nsiah Nyoagbe

• Registered Pharmacist elected by Registered Pharmacists: Dr. Samuel Kow Donkor

• Nominee of the Ministry of Health: Zara Addison

• Nominee of the Ministry of Health: Muhammad Bawah Braimah, MP

• Nominee of the Ministry of Health: Dr. Augusta Oppong

• Representative of Attorney General: Miss Agnes Quartey Papafio

2026 Reform: Population-Based Licensing

A Major Shift in Licensing Criteria

In January 2026, the Minister for Health, Kwabena Mintah Akandoh, instructed the Pharmacy Council to revise the criteria for awarding pharmacy licenses, shifting from a distance-based system to a population-based approach .

Speaking at a two-day Expanded Stakeholders Retreat, the Minister explained that the previous licensing method, which prioritised the proximity of pharmacies to each other, no longer meets the country’s healthcare needs . Instead, licenses will now be allocated based on population size, ensuring equitable access to medicines across communities .

This new approach will better align pharmacy distribution with population needs, particularly in underserved areas, and strengthen Ghana’s efforts to make healthcare accessible to all,” Akandoh said .

Implications of the Reform

The policy change is expected to improve nationwide pharmacy coverage, enhance access to essential medicines, and support Ghana’s broader goal of achieving Universal Health Coverage . The Minister also urged the Pharmacy Council and other regulatory bodies to collaborate closely with the Ministry of Health to ensure a smooth transition to the new licensing framework .

Types of Pharmacy Licenses

Pharmacy Business Operating Licences

Over-the-Counter Medicine Sellers Shop (OTCMS) License

The OTCMS license is a more accessible entry point for selling non-prescription medications. It allows businesses to sell certain medications and health products directly to consumers without requiring a prescription . This license is essential for drug stores that wish to provide access to OTC medications such as pain relievers, cold and allergy medications, and topical treatments .

Step-by-Step Application Process

Step 1: Determine Eligibility

The applicant must be a body corporate (registered company) employing a registered pharmacist in good standing, or an individual pharmacist . The business objectives in the Registrar General’s documents must include “Pharmacy Business .

Step 2: Obtain Application Forms

Prospective applicants may obtain application forms from any of the Pharmacy Council offices. The required forms are PA-I, PA-II, and PA-III .

Contact Information:

• Website: www.pharmacycouncilghana.org

• Address: No. 17 Indian Ocean Street, Nelson Mandela Avenue, Shiashie, Accra

Step 3: Complete and Submit Application

Applicants shall complete the forms appropriately and submit them, together with all relevant documents (including documents from the Registrar-General’s Department), to the Pharmacy Council office responsible for the area the applicant intends to operate . An application fee determined by the Council is paid at the point of submission .

Required Documents Include:

• Certificate of Incorporation

• Certificate to Commence Business

• Companies Code registration documents

• Business registration certificate

• Superintendent Pharmacist’s professional registration certificate

• Proof of premises ownership or lease agreement

• Site plan of proposed pharmacy location

• Architectural drawings of premises

Step 4: Initial Site Inspection

A site inspection will be conducted by officers of the regional offices of the Pharmacy Council after which a recommendation will be made to the Council .

What Inspectors Look For:

• Adequate space (minimum 36 square meters with ceiling height of at least 3.2 metres)

• Proper ventilation and lighting

• Secure storage for controlled substances

• Washroom facility

• Accessibility for clients

• Professional environment

Step 5: Council Approval and Provisional License

If the application is approved by the Pharmacy Council, the applicant shall be duly notified in writing and allowed six (6) months to prepare the premises for a final premises inspection .

Step 6: Final Premises Inspection

The final inspection report is submitted to the Registrar. If the premises conforms to specifications and other conditions, the applicant shall pay the prescribed registration fee for the issue of the licence .

Step 7: License Issuance

A Pharmacy Council certificate shall be issued for the commencement of the business. The certificate issued in respect of the pharmacy shall include the name and registration number of the Superintendent Pharmacist .

Step 8: Annual Renewal

The pharmacy’s license must be renewed annually . As part of the Council’s digitalisation drive, pharmacists and pharmacies can now renew licenses online through the Ghana.gov payment platform .

Online Renewal Options:

• Online payment using VISA or Mastercard

• Online payment using MTN Mobile Money, Vodafone Cash, or AirtelTigo Money

• Payment via USSD on non-smartphones

• Payment at all commercial banks

Processing Fees for New Applications

Superintendent Pharmacist Requirements

Role and Responsibilities

Every pharmacy must have a Superintendent Pharmacist—a registered pharmacist who takes legal responsibility for the pharmacy’s operations. The Superintendent Pharmacist is responsible for management and compliance with Pharmacy Council regulations .

Qualification Requirements

• The Superintendent Pharmacist must hold a degree in pharmacy from a recognised institution

• Must be registered with the Pharmacy Council of Ghana

• Must be of good character

• Must have at least 12 months of post-registration practice in Ghana

• Must be employed full-time

Additional Practitioner Fees

Operational Standards and Compliance

Drug Classification

Pharmacies must handle medicines according to their classification:

• Class A: Prescription-only medicines

• Class B: Pharmacist-dispensed medicines

• Class C: Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines

Key Compliance Requirements

1. Proper record-keeping and adherence to ethical practices

2. Display of Pharmacy Council certificate and Superintendent Pharmacist’s name and registration number

3. Adequate storage for pharmaceuticals, including cold chain for temperature-sensitive products

4. Facilities must have potable water, appropriate storage, and essential equipment

5. Changes must be communicated promptly to the Pharmacy Council (ownership, location, business name, pharmacist)

Varying of Licence Fees

Enforcement and Sanctions

Disciplinary Actions

The Pharmacy Council has enforcement powers to maintain professional standards. Notable enforcement efforts include shutting down over 100 illegal pharmaceutical outlets across Ghana between September and November 2023 for unlicensed operations and dispensing controlled substances without authorization .

Administrative Fines

Confirmation Letters

Online Systems and Digital Services

Online License Renewal

The Pharmacy Council has partnered with the Ghana.gov online payment platform to provide electronic payment channels. The online renewal system allows pharmacists to apply for relicensure and make payment online from the comfort of their homes or offices. They can also apply to be superintendent pharmacists of licensed pharmacies online .

E-Pharmacy Registration

Digitalisation of Pharmaceutical Services

Summary: Key Steps and Estimated Timeline

Total Estimated Timeline: 3-6 months

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What are the legal requirements to open a pharmacy in Ghana?
You must register a company with “Pharmacy Business” as an objective, employ a registered Superintendent Pharmacist with at least 12 months of post-registration practice in Ghana, and comply with Pharmacy Council premises requirements (minimum 36 square meters, washroom, proper ventilation, etc.) .

2. How much does a pharmacy license cost in Ghana?
A standard retail pharmacy license costs GHS 690 (GHS 1,380 for Central Business District locations). The application processing fee is an additional GHS 1,000 .

3. What is the new population-based licensing system?
Effective January 2026, the Health Minister directed the Pharmacy Council to shift from distance-based to population-based licensing criteria. Licenses will now be allocated based on population size to improve access in underserved areas and support Universal Health Coverage .

4. Do I need a Superintendent Pharmacist?
Yes. Every pharmacy must have a Superintendent Pharmacist who is a registered pharmacist with at least 12 months of post-registration practice in Ghana, employed full-time .

5. What is the difference between a pharmacy and an OTCMS shop?
A pharmacy can dispense prescription medications and must have a Superintendent Pharmacist. An OTCMS shop sells only over-the-counter medicines and has lower regulatory requirements. OTCMS license fee is GHS 230 .

6. How long does the licensing process take?
The process typically takes 3-6 months, including business registration, application processing, inspections, and premises preparation .

7. What are the annual renewal fees?
Standard retail pharmacy renewal is GHS 690 (GHS 1,380 for CBD). Pharmacist relicensure is GHS 200 plus PSGH dues of GHS 1,020 .

8. Can I renew my pharmacy license online?
Yes. The Pharmacy Council has introduced online license renewal through the Ghana.gov platform. Payments can be made via VISA/Mastercard, mobile money, or USSD .

9. What is the minimum premises size for a pharmacy?
The pharmacy premises must be at least 36 square meters with a ceiling height of at least 3.2 meters .

10. Who governs the Pharmacy Council?
The Pharmacy Council is governed by a nine-member board under the Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, 2013 (Act 857). The Chairperson is Hon. Joseph Yieleh Chireh, and the Registrar is Pharm. Michael Kudebong, Esq. .

Conclusion From ASJ

Pharmacy licensing in Ghana is governed by a comprehensive legal framework designed to protect public health while ensuring competent pharmaceutical practice. The Pharmacy Council, established under Act 857 and operating through a nine-member board, oversees registration, inspection, and enforcement .

The 2026 shift to population-based licensing marks a significant policy reform aimed at achieving Universal Health Coverage by improving access to medicines in underserved areas . This change, combined with ongoing digitalisation efforts including online license renewal and e-pharmacy registration, is modernising the regulatory landscape.

For entrepreneurs and pharmacists seeking to enter the pharmaceutical retail sector, understanding the legal requirements, application process, and fee structure is essential. The process requires patience—typically 3-6 months—and significant capital, but with proper planning and compliance, a pharmacy business can be a stable, respected, and profitable venture serving an essential community need.

For the most current information, consult the Pharmacy Council directly at www.pharmacycouncilghana.org or visit their offices at No. 17 Indian Ocean Street, Nelson Mandela Avenue, Shiashie, Accra.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What are the legal requirements to open a pharmacy in Ghana?
Register a company with “Pharmacy Business” as an objective, employ a registered Superintendent Pharmacist with at least 12 months post-registration practice in Ghana, and comply with premises requirements .

2. How much does a pharmacy license cost in Ghana?
Retail pharmacy: GHS 690 (GHS 1,380 for CBD). Processing fee: GHS 1,000 .

3. What is the new population-based licensing system?
A 2026 reform shifting from distance-based to population-based criteria to improve access in underserved areas .

4. Do I need a Superintendent Pharmacist?
Yes. A registered pharmacist with at least 12 months post-registration practice, employed full-time .

5. What is the difference between a pharmacy and an OTCMS shop?
Pharmacies dispense prescription medicines and require a Superintendent Pharmacist. OTCMS shops sell only OTC medicines with lower requirements .

6. How long does the licensing process take?
Typically 3-6 months .

7. What are the annual renewal fees?
Retail pharmacy: GHS 690 (GHS 1,380 for CBD). Pharmacist relicensure: GHS 200 + GHS 1,020 PSGH dues .

8. Can I renew my pharmacy license online?
Yes, through the Ghana.gov platform .

9. What is the minimum premises size for a pharmacy?
36 square meters with ceiling height of at least 3.2 meters .

10. Who governs the Pharmacy Council?
A nine-member board under Act 857. Chairperson: Hon. Joseph Yieleh Chireh; Registrar: Pharm. Michael Kudebong, Esq.

Source: Accra Street Journal 

Last Updated on April 8, 2026 by Samuel Kwame Boadu

Samuel Kwame Boadu

Samuel Kwame Boadu is a Ghanaian media entrepreneur and storyteller with a passion for amplifying urban voices and uncovering everyday truths. He is the Editor-in-Chief and Founder of Accra Street Journal, a dynamic digital platform dedicated to capturing the pulse of Ghana’s capital—its people, culture, challenges, business, sports and innovations.

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